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近年来,深水半潜平台已成为海洋工程领域研究的热点。分别通过模型试验和数值模拟的方法,对不同水深和浪向条件下作业的深水半潜平台的运动以及系泊系统的受力进行全面分析。在此基础上,进一步研究平台在深水作业时的运动和动力特性,以及水深和环境海况的变化对平台运动和系泊系统受力的影响规律。同时,对比完整系泊系统的情况,对一根系泊缆破断的极端状态下平台的特性开展研究,获得运动和系泊系统受力的变化规律。对比发现试验和数值的结果能较好地相互吻合,且均能满足相应的安全度要求,保证平台实际作业时的可靠性,为深水半潜平台设计中的安全极限计算提供一定的依据。 相似文献
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基于多体动力分析方法进行FPSO和水下软钢臂系泊系统的运动特性研究。相较于非线性弹簧模拟软钢臂系泊系统或者其他近似模拟方法,多体分析方法可以充分考虑系泊系统具体结构形式及其动力项对FPSO运动性能的影响,更好的预报系统运动响应和系泊力。本文将FPSO和水下钢臂结构模拟成2个具有6自由度的独立结构,两者用系泊链组进行连接。基于三维势流理论应用汇源分布法,首先在频域内进行FPSO的水动力参数分析,进而在时域内对系统进行耦合动力分析。本文重点讨论系泊系统黏性力和二阶波浪力对系统响应的影响,计算结果发现系泊系统黏性力对系泊力有一定影响,而在浅水条件下二阶波浪力的计算对准确预报系统运动及系泊力非常重要。 相似文献
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A wind tunnel experiment was performed to investigate aeolian grain motions in the transverse direction, which is perpendicular to the incoming flow and parallels the sand bed. The trajectories in the horizontal plane were recorded by high-speed camera. Statistical analysis of 630 trajectories shows that both the motion orientation and the time-averaged speed follow Gaussian distributions. An exclusive method was used to analyze the driving mechanism. It was concluded that the three-dimensional turbulent air flow, rather than the spin of grain or grain–bed collisions, controls the transverse motion. 相似文献
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分布于中国东北完达山地区的饶河花岗岩岩体中暗色矿物和斑晶钾长石定向排列,呈北北东走向,其中透镜状闪长质捕掳体近水平排列,局部具有左行剪切的特点。岩体中发育石香肠状石英脉,表明岩体在侵位过程中受到左行剪切作用的影响或制约。对出露的花岗岩进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,获得年龄121±1Ma和119±1Ma,表明该岩浆流动形成于早白垩世。同时对围岩辉长岩、侵入岩体中的正长岩脉和辉绿岩脉进行锆石U-Pb年龄分析,分别获得160±1Ma、109±2Ma、124±1Ma的年龄结果。根据各样品中继承锆石的特征,围岩辉长岩的年龄数据很集中,不存在古老锆石的年龄信息。岩浆流动岩体及岩脉中都有太古宙、元古宙等各时代的锆石年龄数据,可能表明完达山地区在约120Ma之前已完成古太平洋板块的俯冲拼贴,饶河岩体形成于走滑环境下的陆内变形,为同构造侵入岩。 相似文献
47.
将全球分为15个研究区,用1900~2009年MW≥7.0地震目录,统计分析了各区大地震与月球交点运动周期的关系,得出15个研究区中有10个区,大地震存在统计意义上的18.6 a周期:活跃段为12.4 a,平静段为6.2 a;环太平洋地震带北、南、西、东4大区的大地震,不仅有这样的周期,而且其地震活跃段的时间存在一定规律.用第6个18.6 a(1991~2009年)期间的大地震,检验据前5个18.6 a(1900~1990年)地震目录所得18.6 a 周期的稳定性和实用性,发现有这种周期的地区多数的周期性是稳定的.大地震18.6 a周期的可能成因有: (1)18.6 a潮波通过调制日潮和半日潮调制大地震; (2)上地幔内流体的潮汐(地内潮)作用; (3)18.6 a潮波通过影响地球自转变化调制大地震. 相似文献
48.
How to select a limited number of strong ground motion records (SGMRs) is an important challenge for the seismic collapse capacity assessment of structures. The collapse capacity is considered as the ground motion intensity measure corresponding to the drift‐related dynamic instability in the structural system. The goal of this paper is to select, from a general set of SGMRs, a small number of subsets such that each can be used for the reliable prediction of the mean collapse capacity of a particular group of structures, i.e. of single degree‐of‐freedom systems with a typical behaviour range. In order to achieve this goal, multivariate statistical analysis is first applied, to determine what degree of similarity exists between each selected small subset and the general set of SGMRs. Principal Component analysis is applied to identify the best way to group structures, resulting in a minimum number of SGMRs in a proposed subset. The structures were classified into six groups, and for each group a subset of eight SGMRs has been proposed. The methodology has been validated by analysing a first‐mode‐dominated three‐storey‐reinforced concrete structure by means of the proposed subsets, as well as the general set of SGMRs. The results of this analysis show that the mean seismic collapse capacity can be predicted by the proposed subsets with less dispersion than by the recently developed improved approach, which is based on scaling the response spectra of the records to match the conditional mean spectrum. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
49.
In this paper, a method to predict the equilibrium bed slope in natural streams based on the incipient motion criterion is proposed. The method is based on the criterion suggested by Gessler to simulate the grain size distribution of the armour coat using the concept of critical shear stress of a sediment mixture. In particular, a different expression of the probability for a single particle size to be part of the armour coat is firstly proposed; then, a simple two‐steps criterion is suggested to estimate the safety factor required by the proposed approach. The method is applied in three different Italian regions (Calabria, Basilicata, and Tuscany) and required several field campaigns involving the survey of 251 stream reaches upstream of grade‐control structures. The area including five Calabrian streams is firstly used to test the suitability of the two‐steps approach. In this area, considering the detailed information about the particle size of bed material, the effect of using a simplified grain size distribution for each torrent is also checked. The method is then applied within the two additional areas (Basilicata and Tuscany) in order to check the geographic influence on the prediction of the stable longitudinal profile. A comparison between measured and estimated values of the equilibrium bed slope showed a good agreement for the Calabrian streams, where the number of the investigated stream reaches is greater, and satisfactory results for the torrents located in Basilicata and Tuscany where the field data set is more limited. The overall results encourage the extension of the proposed method to additional field data and suggest the use of this approach by hydraulic designers in order to stabilize the longitudinal profile of natural streams. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
50.
The range of response frequencies for which spectral ordinates obtained from accelerograms may be considered reliable is limited by several factors, primary among them being the effects of filters that are routinely applied to remove noise from the records. Considerable attention has been focused on the low‐frequency limit of the usable spectral ordinates because of various engineering applications requiring long‐period spectral accelerations or displacements but only recently have rational approaches to selecting the high‐frequency limit been proposed. Since there are applications for which the high‐frequency spectral ordinates are important, the approaches to this issue presented in the recent studies are reviewed and their application to the ground‐motion database from Europe and the Middle East is explored. On the basis of the results of these analyses, it is concluded that a large proportion of this dataset can be used to provide reliable estimates of response spectral ordinates at much shorter periods than may have previously been considered feasible. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献